Overview
Gout is a common and complex form of arthritis that occurs when uric acid crystals accumulate in the joints, causing
sudden and severe pain, redness and swelling.
This condition typically affects the big toe but can also involve other joints such as the ankles, knees, elbows and
wrists. Gout is often associated with high levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricaemia) and can be triggered by
various factors, including diet, lifestyle and genetic predisposition.
If left untreated, gout can lead to joint damage and other complications, but with proper care, it is manageable.
Symptoms
The symptoms of gout often appear suddenly and may include:
- Severe joint pain, particularly in the big toe, but also in other joints like the ankles, knees, elbows or
wrists
- Redness, swelling and warmth around the affected joint
- Tenderness in the affected area, making even a light touch painful
- Limited range of motion in the affected joint
- Recurrence of acute attacks, which may become more frequent over time
Diagnosis
At SSMC, we take a comprehensive approach to diagnosing gout. Starting with a medical history and examination, the
doctor will review your symptoms, lifestyle factors and any history of gout attacks or family history of the
condition.
A blood test can help to determine if hyperuricaemia is present. However, not all individuals with high uric acid
levels
develop gout.
In some cases, a sample of joint fluid may be taken to check for the presence of uric acid crystals. X-ray or
ultrasound
imaging may be used to assess joint damage or detect uric acid crystal deposits in the joints.
Treatment
Effective gout management focuses on relieving pain, preventing future attacks and lowering uric acid levels to
avoid
long-term joint damage. Our approach includes medications, lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes, weight
management and exercise, in addition to ongoing care and monitoring.
