Metabolic bone disease refers to disorders caused by abnormal bone cell function. Bone cells are divided into two types: bone-building cells and bone-removing cells. The disruption of the function of these cells can lead to a number of metabolic (metabolism-related) bone conditions. Metabolic bone diseases often result in thin, irregular and brittle bones. Types of bone diseases include osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, skeletal dysplasia and fibrous dysplasia.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms of metabolic bone diseases include:
- Bone pain
- Frequent bone fractures
- Height loss
- Fatigue
- Muscle weakness
- Abnormal bone formation
- Delayed growth
- Delayed motor skills
- Associated teeth abnormalities
A physical examination by a doctor and a review of medical history will determine which laboratory tests are appropriate. The following tests are used to diagnose metabolic bone diseases:
Bone density scan
Also referred to as a bone densitometry scan or DEXA scan, this test uses x-ray technology to estimate bone loss and can be used to detect osteoporosis.
X-ray tests
X-ray tests are important initial tests to detect bone abnormalities.
Computed Tomography (CT) scan
In this test, bone loss can be evaluated through cross-sectional pictures taken using x-ray technology.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan
Using magnetic waves, this test takes a series of pictures to measure bone loss.
Nuclear medicine parathyroid scan
This imaging test allows physicians to examine the parathyroid at a molecular level. The test is useful for detecting calcium balance disorders related to the parathyroid gland.
